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Through the falsification of identity and exploitation of a predominantly underage source population, trafficking networks render their victims captive to inhumane conditions and abusive labour.
In Indonesia, human trafficking has reached enormous proportions. As an archipelago with high rural-urban labour mobility, trafficking networks are able to prey upon young and poor migrant labourers in transit. The affects of trafficking networks on the sex industry has by some indications, lowered the average age of high-end sex workers to illegal levels below 18 years old.
Despite a relatively large population of underage and exploited trafficking victims, the numbers of trafficking cases that have gone to trial are surprisingly low. For this reason, IOM believed that additional research on trafficking in Indonesia was required to ascertain how to paralyze known trafficking networks. Perhaps the greatest problem currently facing law enforcement bodies is that trafficking networks are very secretive and adept at working around government bodies and regulations.
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For instance, traffickers change the identities of their victims, making it difficult for police to track down well-established trafficking conduits and promise money to victims to keep their work status a secret, impeding efforts by law enforcement to build a case against them for lack of sufficient evidence.
